Gout is a disorder that results from deposits of uric acid crystals, which
accumulate in the joints because of high blood levels of uric acid
(hyperuricemia).Although the joints are the most commonly affected part of the
body, urate crystals can form in the kidney or other parts of the urinary
system, where they can occasionally impair kidney function or cause.Gout is more
common among men than women,and is particularly common in people older than 65
regardless of gender.
The kidney stones composed of uric acid that are part of gout often contain
calcium crystals as well.Normally, uric acid, a by-product of cell nucleic acid
breakdown, is present in small amounts in the blood because the body continually
breaks down cells and forms new cells.Most often, the uric acid level in the
blood becomes abnormally high when the kidneys cannot eliminate enough uric acid
in the urine.Less commonly, gout may be caused by an identifiable underlying
disorder and is then called secondary gout.High levels of uric acid in the blood
often lead to high levels of uric acid in the joints.Sudden severe attacks of
gout (called acute gouty arthritis) can occur without warning.
Diagnosis
Podagra, recurrent instep inflammation, and a history of previous attacks
that began suddenly and resolved spontaneously also suggest the diagnosis.Pain
and inflammation initially involving one joint at a time, especially the joint
at the base of the large toe.The diagnosis is usually confirmed when
needle-shaped uric acid crystals are identified in a sample of a tophus or in
joint fluid removed with a needle (joint aspiration) and viewed under a
microscope with polarized light.A blood test showing high levels of urate (most
accurate for diagnosis after an acute flare resolves).X-rays may show joint
damage and the presence of tophi (uric acid crystal tophi that displace bone and
produce cysts).Complete resolution of symptoms between attacks.
Treatment
One:Colchicine is the traditional, but no longer the most common, first-step
treatment.
Two:There’s excellent evidence of gout being relieved by black cherry.
Three:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often effective in
relieving pain and swelling in the joint (see see Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory
Drugs ).
Four:Corticosteroids — Antiinflammatory steroids, also known more properly as
glucocorticoids, are effective agents for treating acute gout flares.
Five:Manuka oil, or Leptospermum scoparium, comes from the leaves of a bush
that grows in New Zealand .
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