how do you know that you suffer form kidney failure

Renal failure is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood. The two main forms are acute kidney injury , which is often reversible with adequate treatment, and chronic kidney disease , which is often not reversible.

What is acute kidney injury?

Acute kidney injury (also called acute renal failure ) means that your kidneys have suddenly stopped working.Your kidneys remove waste products and help balance water and salt and other minerals ( electrolytes ) in your blood .Acute kidney failure can be fatal and requires intensive treatment.However, acute kidney failure may be reversible.If you're otherwise in good health, you may recover normal kidney function.
What causes kidney failure?

Acute kidney failure can occur when:

You have a condition that slows blood flow to your kidneys.You experience direct damage to your kidneys.Your kidneys' urine drainage tubes (ureters) become blocked and wastes can't leave your body through your urine.

Use of aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), naproxen (Aleve, others), or related drugs.Blood or fluid loss.Blood pressure medications.Heart attack.Heart disease.Liver failure.Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis).Severe burns.Severe dehydration.etc.

Symptom

Decreased urine output, although occasionally urine output remains normal.Fluid retention, causing swelling in your legs, ankles or feet.Drowsiness.Shortness of breath.Confusion.Fatigue.Nausea.Chest pain or pressure.Seizures or coma in severe cases.

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Cause of kidney failure, acute renal failure

Renal failure is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood.When your kidneys lose their filtering ability, dangerous levels of wastes may accumulate and your blood's chemical makeup may get out of balance.

Renal failure is mainly determined by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, the rate at which blood is filtered in the glomeruli of the kidney. This is detected by a decrease in or absence of urine production or determination of waste products (creatinine or urea) in the blood. Depending on the cause, hematuria (blood loss in the urine) and proteinuria (protein loss in the urine) may be noted.

The diagnosis of kidney failure usually is made by blood tests measuring BUN, creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Treatment of the underlying cause of kidney failure may return kidney function to normal. Lifelong efforts to control blood pressure and diabetes may be the best way to prevent chronic kidney disease and its progression to kidney failure. Usually, kidney function gradually decreases over time.

Acute kidney failure — also called acute renal failure or acute kidney injury — develops rapidly over a few hours or a few days. Acute kidney failure is most common in people who are already hospitalized, particularly in critically ill people who need intensive care.

Acute kidney failure can be fatal and requires intensive treatment. However, acute kidney failure may be reversible. If you're otherwise in good health, you may recover normal kidney function.


Chronic kidney failure is measured in five stages, which are calculated using a patient’s GFR, or glomerular filtration rate. Stage 1 CKD is mildly diminished renal function, with few overt symptoms. Stages 2 and 3 need increasing levels of supportive care from their medical providers to slow and treat their renal dysfunction. Patients in stages 4 and 5 usually require preparation of the patient towards active treatment in order to survive. Stage 5 CKD is considered a severe illness and requires some form of renal replacement therapy (dialysis) or kidney transplant whenever feasible.

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